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Penal transportation refers to the practice of transporting convicts to foreign lands, notably practiced in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries by European colonial powers such as the British, French, and Dutch.[1] The practice of penal transportation served a dual purpose, on the one hand as a method of managing domestic pressures of poverty and crime, as well as being a method of expanding colonization.[2]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Crime & Punishment - Transportation". Georgetown Law Library. Retrieved 2026-08-14.
- ↑ David Meredith and Deborah Oxley (2007). Condemned to the colonies. Penal transportation as the solution to Britain's law and order problem. [PDF] Scholarly Publications Leiden University.