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[[File:Russian Whiteguard poster.png|thumb|286x286px|Poster from the [[Russian Civil War]] depicting a [[White Army|Whiteguard]] crushing a [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1917–1991)|Soviet]] flag]] | [[File:Russian Whiteguard poster.png|thumb|286x286px|Poster from the [[Russian Civil War]] depicting a [[White Army|Whiteguard]] crushing a [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1917–1991)|Soviet]] flag]] | ||
A '''counterrevolution''' is an opposing [[revolution]] that attempts to reverse a revolution. A person or group who opposes a revolution is declared '''counter-revolutionary'''. In [[Marxism|Marxist]] theory, counterrevolutions are a [[reactionary]] force usually composed of [[bourgeois]] forces. | A '''counterrevolution''' is an opposing [[revolution]] that attempts to reverse a revolution. A person or group who opposes a revolution is declared '''counter-revolutionary'''. In [[Marxism|Marxist]] theory, counterrevolutions are a [[reactionary]] force and in the modern era, they are usually composed of [[bourgeois]] forces. | ||
In the past, [[Feudalism|royalists]] have attempted counterrevolutions against [[Bourgeois revolution|bourgeois revolutions]] like the [[French Revolution]]. In recent times, the [[West]] has supported and instigated "[[Color revolution | In the past, [[Feudalism|royalists]] have attempted counterrevolutions against [[Bourgeois revolution|bourgeois revolutions]] like the [[French Revolution]]. In recent times, the [[West]] has supported and instigated "[[Color revolution]]s" in socialist states to expand their own interests. | ||
== List of counterrevolutions == | == List of counterrevolutions == | ||
=== Pro-slavery === | |||
* [[Texas Rebellion]] (1835–1836) | |||
* [[Confederate States of America (1861–1865)|Southern]] forces in the [[Statesian Civil War]] (1860–1865, failed) | |||
=== Feudal === | === Feudal === | ||
* [[English Civil War|Stuart Restoration]] ( | * [[English Civil War|Stuart Restoration]] (1660) | ||
* [[Kingdom of France (1815–1848)|Bourbon Restoration]] ( | * ''[[Sanfedismo]]'' (1799) | ||
* [[Kingdom of France (1815–1848)|Bourbon Restoration]] (1814–1815) | |||
=== Bourgeois === | === Bourgeois === | ||
* [[White movement]] ( | * [[White movement]] (1917–1923) | ||
* [[White Terror (Finland)|Finnish White Terror]] ( | * [[White Terror (Finland)|Finnish White Terror]] (1918) | ||
* [[White Terror (Hungary)|Hungarian White Terror]] ( | * [[White Terror (Hungary)|Hungarian White Terror]] (1919–1921) | ||
* [[Hungarian counterrevolution of 1956|Hungarian counterrevolution]] ( | * [[Hungarian counterrevolution of 1956|Hungarian counterrevolution]] (1956, failed) | ||
* [[Prague Spring]] ( | * [[Prague Spring]] (1968, failed) | ||
* [[1989 Tian'anmen Square riots|Tian'anmen Square riots]] ( | * [[Mujahideen]] (1979–1989) | ||
* [[Velvet Counterrevolution]] ( | * [[1989 Tian'anmen Square riots|Tian'anmen Square riots]] (1989, failed) | ||
* [[Romanian Counterrevolution]] ( | * [[Velvet Counterrevolution]] (1989) | ||
* [[Annexation of East Germany]] ( | * [[Romanian Counterrevolution]] (1989) | ||
* [[Overthrow of the Soviet Union]] ( | * [[Annexation of East Germany]] (1990) | ||
* [[Overthrow of the Soviet Union]] (1991) | |||
* [[Tahrir al-Sham]] in the [[Syrian Civil War]] (2017–2025) | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Colour | * [[Colour revolution]] | ||
* [[Mensheviks]] | * [[Mensheviks]] | ||
[[Category:Counterrevolution]] | [[Category:Counterrevolution]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:02, 3 November 2025
A counterrevolution is an opposing revolution that attempts to reverse a revolution. A person or group who opposes a revolution is declared counter-revolutionary. In Marxist theory, counterrevolutions are a reactionary force and in the modern era, they are usually composed of bourgeois forces.
In the past, royalists have attempted counterrevolutions against bourgeois revolutions like the French Revolution. In recent times, the West has supported and instigated "Color revolutions" in socialist states to expand their own interests.
List of counterrevolutions[edit | edit source]
Pro-slavery[edit | edit source]
- Texas Rebellion (1835–1836)
- Southern forces in the Statesian Civil War (1860–1865, failed)
Feudal[edit | edit source]
- Stuart Restoration (1660)
- Sanfedismo (1799)
- Bourbon Restoration (1814–1815)
Bourgeois[edit | edit source]
- White movement (1917–1923)
- Finnish White Terror (1918)
- Hungarian White Terror (1919–1921)
- Hungarian counterrevolution (1956, failed)
- Prague Spring (1968, failed)
- Mujahideen (1979–1989)
- Tian'anmen Square riots (1989, failed)
- Velvet Counterrevolution (1989)
- Romanian Counterrevolution (1989)
- Annexation of East Germany (1990)
- Overthrow of the Soviet Union (1991)
- Tahrir al-Sham in the Syrian Civil War (2017–2025)