Republic of Angola - Revision history

Verda.Majo: /* History */ adjusted some wording and added some information to both subheadings

2025-10-01T13:45:10Z

History: adjusted some wording and added some information to both subheadings

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:45, 1 October 2025
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	=== Early history ===		=== Early history ===
	The area that comprises present-day Angola was first inhabited at about 25000 years BCE.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|newspaper=South African History Online\|title=Angola\|date=2025-09-02\|url=https://sahistory.org.za/place/angola\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250909203802/https://sahistory.org.za/place/angola\|archive-date=2025-09-09}}</ref>		The area that comprises present-day Angola was first inhabited at about 25000 years BCE.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|newspaper=South African History Online\|title=Angola\|date=2025-09-02\|url=https://sahistory.org.za/place/angola\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250909203802/https://sahistory.org.za/place/angola\|archive-date=2025-09-09}}</ref> The northern part of Angola was inhabited by a people whose language and name remains unknown in the present-day. The early inhabitants of southern Angola were known as the [[Khwe]] and were part of the [[Khoe languages\|Khoe language group]]. The Khwe are estimated to have adopted a [[Pastoralism\|pastoralist]] [[mode of production]] between approximately 1000 BCE to 500 BCE.<ref name=":0" />

	After about 1000 CE, several large centralized states began forming in the area.<ref name=":0" /> Among some of the states which arose in the region are the [[Kingdom of Kongo (1390–1914)\|Kingdom of Kongo]] (circa 1390 to 1914)<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=South African History Online\|title=Kingdom of Kongo 1390–1914\|date=2025-06-11\|url=https://sahistory.org.za/article/kingdom-kongo-1390-1914\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250715215258/https://sahistory.org.za/article/kingdom-kongo-1390-1914\|archive-date=2025-07-15}}</ref> and the [[Kingdom of Ndongo]] (circa 1500 to 1671).<ref name=":2">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Encyclopedia Britannica\|title=Ndongo\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ndongo-historical-kingdom-Africa\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250920143848/https://www.britannica.com/place/Ndongo-historical-kingdom-Africa\|archive-date=2025-09-20}}</ref><ref name=":0" />		After about 1000 CE, several large centralized states began forming in the area.<ref name=":0" /> Among some of the states which arose in the region are the [[Kingdom of Kongo (1390–1914)\|Kingdom of Kongo]] (circa 1390 to 1914)<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=South African History Online\|title=Kingdom of Kongo 1390–1914\|date=2025-06-11\|url=https://sahistory.org.za/article/kingdom-kongo-1390-1914\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250715215258/https://sahistory.org.za/article/kingdom-kongo-1390-1914\|archive-date=2025-07-15}}</ref> and the [[Kingdom of Ndongo]] (circa 1500 to 1671).<ref name=":2">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Encyclopedia Britannica\|title=Ndongo\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ndongo-historical-kingdom-Africa\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250920143848/https://www.britannica.com/place/Ndongo-historical-kingdom-Africa\|archive-date=2025-09-20}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

	The name of the Kingdom of Kongo comes from the kingdom's founders being [[KiKongo]] speaking people. The kingdom was founded with the political marriage of Nima a Nzima of the Mpemba Kasi and Luqueni Luansanze of the Mbata, cementing an alliance between the two KiKongo speaking peoples. It is estimated that by 1490, the Kingdom of Kongo had around 3 million subjects in total.<ref name=":1" />		The name of the Kingdom of Kongo comes from the kingdom's founders being [[KiKongo]] speaking people. The kingdom was founded with the political marriage of [[Nima a Nzima]] of the [[Mpemba Kasi]] and [[Luqueni Luansanze]] of the [[Mbata]], cementing an alliance between the two KiKongo speaking peoples. It is estimated that by 1490, the Kingdom of Kongo had around 3 million subjects in total.<ref name=":1" />

	=== ~~Contact~~ with Portuguese ===		=== Early contact with Portuguese ===
	The [[Portuguese Republic\|Portuguese]] arrived in West Africa in the late 1400s. The first meeting between Portuguese explorers and King [[Nzinga a Nkuwu]] of the Kingdom of Kongo occurred in 1482.<ref name=":1" /> King Nzinga a Nkuwu would later come to be called João I of Kongo after being baptized.<ref name=":1" />		The [[Portuguese Republic\|Portuguese]] arrived in West Africa in the late 1400s. The first meeting between Portuguese explorers and King [[Nzinga a Nkuwu]] of the Kingdom of Kongo occurred in 1482.<ref name=":1" /> King Nzinga a Nkuwu would later come to be called João I of Kongo after being baptized.<ref name=":1" />

	[[South African History Online]] (SAHO) notes that while many nobles of Kongo changed their names to Portuguese variations and adopted [[Europe\|European]] nobility titles during a process of [[Christianity\|Christianization]] in Angola, "it is unknown what the popular sentiment towards Catholicism was among the general population of the time." SAHO adds that King João I is said to have renounced Christianity in his later years.<ref name=":1" />		[[South African History Online]] (SAHO) notes that while many nobles of Kongo changed their names to Portuguese variations and adopted [[Europe\|European]] nobility titles during a process of [[Christianity\|Christianization]] in Angola, "it is unknown what the popular sentiment towards Catholicism was among the general population of the time." SAHO adds that King João I is said to have renounced Christianity in his later years.<ref name=":1" />

	Portuguese traders were in pursuit of gold, pepper, and ivory, and were also looking to acquire [[Slavery\|slaves]] to work on sugar plantations.<ref name=":3">{{Web citation\|author=Mark Cartwright\|newspaper=World History Encyclopedia\|title=Portuguese Angola\|date=2021-07-12\|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Portuguese_Angola/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517063014/https://www.worldhistory.org/Portuguese_Angola/\|archive-date=2025-05-17}}</ref> Over time, the Portuguese sought to conduct their own slave-capturing expeditions, which caused friction with the Kingdom of Kongo.<ref name=":3" /> The Portuguese proceeded southward and established intermittent relations with Ndongo by 1520.<ref name=":3" /> In 1575, a Portuguese base was established at Luanda Island by [[Paulo Dias de Novais]].<ref name=":2" />		Portuguese traders were in pursuit of gold, pepper, and ivory, and were also looking to acquire [[Slavery\|slaves]] to work on sugar plantations.<ref name=":3">{{Web citation\|author=Mark Cartwright\|newspaper=World History Encyclopedia\|title=Portuguese Angola\|date=2021-07-12\|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Portuguese_Angola/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517063014/https://www.worldhistory.org/Portuguese_Angola/\|archive-date=2025-05-17}}</ref> Over time, the Portuguese sought to conduct their own slave-capturing expeditions, which caused friction with the Kingdom of Kongo.<ref name=":3" /> SAHO notes that while slavery existed before the arrival of the Portuguese, "it took on a much larger and brutal scale afterwards" and that the [[trans-Atlantic slave trade]] "became a huge source of instability in the Kingdom."<ref name=":0" /> The Portuguese proceeded southward and established intermittent relations with Ndongo by 1520.<ref name=":3" /> In 1575, a Portuguese base was established at Luanda Island by [[Paulo Dias de Novais]].<ref name=":2" />

	==References==		==References==

Verda.Majo: began adding a history section; changed "UNITAS" in lede to "UNITA"

2025-10-01T13:24:54Z

began adding a history section; changed "UNITAS" in lede to "UNITA"

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 | leader_name2             = [[Bornito de Sousa]]
 }}
-'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith|year=2021|title=Angola|chapter=History of Angola|section=Independence and civil war|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation|date=2014-10-01|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281|newspaper=BBC|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)|page=1|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf|city=Amherst|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>
+'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith|year=2021|title=Angola|chapter=History of Angola|section=Independence and civil war|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting [[National Union for the Total Independence of Angola|UNITA]].<ref>{{News citation|date=2014-10-01|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281|newspaper=BBC|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)|page=1|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf|city=Amherst|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>
 ==References==

MudWizard: Formatted the country country infobox template.

2023-01-19T16:14:09Z

Formatted the country country infobox template.

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:14, 19 January 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of Angola\|population_estimate=31,127,674\|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]\|leader_title2=Vice President\|leader_title1=President\|government_type=Presidential republic\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|area_km2=1,246,700\|population_estimate_year=2020\|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu\|native_name=República de Angola\|official_languages=Portuguese\|largest_city=[[Luanda]]\|capital=[[Luanda]]\|map_width=200\|image_map=Map_of_Angola.svg\|image_flag=Flag_of_Angola.svg\|image_coat=Emblem_of_Angola.svg\|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}		{{
			Infobox country
			\| name = Republic of Angola
			\| population_estimate = 31,127,674
			\| leader_name1 = [[João Lourenço]]
			\| leader_title2 = Vice President
			\| leader_title1 = President
			\| government_type = Presidential republic
			\| mode_of_production = [[Capitalism]]
			\| area_km2 = 1,246,700
			\| population_estimate_year = 2020
			\| national_languages = Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu
			\| native_name = República de Angola
			\| official_languages = Portuguese
			\| largest_city = [[Luanda]]
			\| capital = [[Luanda]]
			\| map_width = 200
			\| image_map = Map_of_Angola.svg
			\| image_flag = Flag_of_Angola.svg
			\| image_coat = Emblem_of_Angola.svg
			\| leader_name2 = [[Bornito de Sousa]]
			}}
	'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>		'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>

Dragon at 18:16, 24 December 2022

2022-12-24T18:16:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:16, 24 December 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of Angola\|population_estimate=31,127,674\|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]\|leader_title2=Vice President\|leader_title1=President\|government_type=Presidential republic\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|area_km2=1,246,700\|population_estimate_year=2020\|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu\|native_name=República de Angola\|official_languages=Portuguese\|largest_city=[[Luanda]]\|capital=[[Luanda]]\|map_width=200\|image_map=~~Angola map~~.~~png~~\|image_flag=~~Angolan flag~~.~~png~~\|image_coat=~~Angolan COA~~.~~png~~\|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of Angola\|population_estimate=31,127,674\|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]\|leader_title2=Vice President\|leader_title1=President\|government_type=Presidential republic\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|area_km2=1,246,700\|population_estimate_year=2020\|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu\|native_name=República de Angola\|official_languages=Portuguese\|largest_city=[[Luanda]]\|capital=[[Luanda]]\|map_width=200\|image_map=Map_of_Angola.svg\|image_flag=Flag_of_Angola.svg\|image_coat=Emblem_of_Angola.svg\|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}
	'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>		'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>

Forte: Updated category name

2022-12-01T00:43:43Z

Updated category name

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:43, 1 December 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of Angola\|population_estimate=31,127,674\|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]\|leader_title2=Vice President\|leader_title1=President\|government_type=Presidential republic\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|area_km2=1,246,700\|population_estimate_year=2020\|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu\|native_name=República de Angola\|official_languages=Portuguese\|largest_city=[[Luanda]]\|capital=[[Luanda]]\|map_width=200\|image_map=Angola map.png\|image_flag=Angolan flag.png\|image_coat=Angolan COA.png\|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of Angola\|population_estimate=31,127,674\|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]\|leader_title2=Vice President\|leader_title1=President\|government_type=Presidential republic\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|area_km2=1,246,700\|population_estimate_year=2020\|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu\|native_name=República de Angola\|official_languages=Portuguese\|largest_city=[[Luanda]]\|capital=[[Luanda]]\|map_width=200\|image_map=Angola map.png\|image_flag=Angolan flag.png\|image_coat=Angolan COA.png\|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}

	'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>		'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>

	== References ==		==References==
	<references />		<references />
	[[Category:Angola]]		[[Category:Angola]]
	[[Category:Global south]]		[[Category:Global south]]
	~~[[Category:Formerly socialist states]]~~
	[[Category:African countries]]		[[Category:African countries]]
			[[Category:Formerly socialist countries]]

Wisconcom: Added category.

2022-09-18T15:17:42Z

Added category.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:17, 18 September 2022
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	== References ==		== References ==
	~~[[Category:Countries]]~~
	<references />		<references />
	[[Category:Angola]]		[[Category:Angola]]
	[[Category:Global south]]		[[Category:Global south]]
	[[Category:Formerly socialist states]]		[[Category:Formerly socialist states]]
			[[Category:African countries]]

Wisconcom: added categories.

2022-07-24T23:48:16Z

added categories.

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:48, 24 July 2022
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	<references />		<references />
	[[Category:Angola]]		[[Category:Angola]]
			[[Category:Global south]]
			[[Category:Formerly socialist states]]

Forte: Updated Infobox country template parameter

2022-05-11T04:42:32Z

Updated Infobox country template parameter

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:42, 11 May 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|~~conventional_long_name~~=Republic of Angola\|population_estimate=31,127,674\|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]\|leader_title2=Vice President\|leader_title1=President\|government_type=Presidential republic\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|area_km2=1,246,700\|population_estimate_year=2020\|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu\|native_name=República de Angola\|official_languages=Portuguese\|largest_city=[[Luanda]]\|capital=[[Luanda]]\|map_width=200\|image_map=Angola map.png\|image_flag=Angolan flag.png\|image_coat=Angolan COA.png\|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of Angola\|population_estimate=31,127,674\|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]\|leader_title2=Vice President\|leader_title1=President\|government_type=Presidential republic\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|area_km2=1,246,700\|population_estimate_year=2020\|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu\|native_name=República de Angola\|official_languages=Portuguese\|largest_city=[[Luanda]]\|capital=[[Luanda]]\|map_width=200\|image_map=Angola map.png\|image_flag=Angolan flag.png\|image_coat=Angolan COA.png\|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}

	'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>		'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic\|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith\|year=2021\|title=Angola\|chapter=History of Angola\|section=Independence and civil war\|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola\|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation\|date=2014-10-01\|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281\|newspaper=BBC\|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile\|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)\|page=1\|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf\|city=Amherst\|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>

Jucheguevara at 04:07, 24 March 2022

2022-03-24T04:07:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:07, 24 March 2022
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	== References ==		== References ==
	[[Category:Countries]]		[[Category:Countries]]
			<references />
			[[Category:Angola]]

Ledlecreeper27: Created.

2022-02-05T13:59:01Z

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{{Infobox country|conventional_long_name=Republic of Angola|population_estimate=31,127,674|leader_name1=[[João Lourenço]]|leader_title2=Vice President|leader_title1=President|government_type=Presidential republic|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|area_km2=1,246,700|population_estimate_year=2020|national_languages=Chokwe<br>Kikongo<br>Kimbundu<br>Lingala<br>Umbundu|native_name=República de Angola|official_languages=Portuguese|largest_city=[[Luanda]]|capital=[[Luanda]]|map_width=200|image_map=Angola map.png|image_flag=Angolan flag.png|image_coat=Angolan COA.png|leader_name2=[[Bornito de Sousa]]}}

'''Angola''', officially the '''Republic of Angola''', is a country in Southern Africa. After its independence from [[Portuguese Republic|Portugal]] in 1975, it became a [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] state.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith|year=2021|title=Angola|chapter=History of Angola|section=Independence and civil war|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war}}</ref> [[Henry Kissinger]] began a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-backed civil war against [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola|MPLA]], the ruling party of Angola, by supporting UNITAS.<ref>{{News citation|date=2014-10-01|title=Henry Kissinger 'considered Cuba air strikes' in 1976|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/29441281|newspaper=BBC|retrieved=2022-02-05}}</ref> The war lasted until 2002, causing 800,000 deaths and creating four million refugees.<ref>{{Citation|title=Modern Conflicts: Conflict Profile|chapter=Angola (1975 - 2002)|page=1|pdf=https://peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/Angola.pdf|city=Amherst|publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Countries]]