British Raj (1858–1947) - Revision history

70.115.131.7 at 21:15, 11 August 2025

2025-08-11T21:15:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:15, 11 August 2025
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	{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|date_start=1857\|event_start=Indian Rebellion of 1857\|event1=British Raj established by taking over the holdings of the British East India Company\|date_event1=2 August 1858\|event2=Movement of the capital city from Calcutta to New Delhi\|date_event2=1911\|event3=Jallianwala Bagh massacre\|date_event3=April 13 1919\|event4=Government of India Act 1935\|date_event4=1935\|event5=Seperation of [[Burma]] and [[Aden]]\|date_event5=April 1 1937\|event6=Last major famine ([[Bengal Famine]])\|date_event6=1943\|event_end= [[Partition of India]] into [[Pakistan]] and [[India]]\|date_end=1947\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}		{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|date_start=1857\|event_start=Indian Rebellion of 1857\|event1=British Raj established by taking over the holdings of the British East India Company\|date_event1=2 August 1858\|event2=Movement of the capital city from Calcutta to New Delhi\|date_event2=1911\|event3=Jallianwala Bagh massacre\|date_event3=April 13 1919\|event4=Government of India Act 1935\|date_event4=1935\|event5=Seperation of [[Burma]] and [[Aden]]\|date_event5=April 1 1937\|event6=Last major famine ([[Bengal Famine]])\|date_event6=1943\|event_end= [[Partition of India]] into [[Pakistan]] and [[India]]\|date_end=1947\|p1=[[Mughal Empire]]\|s1=[[India]]\|p2=[[British East India Company]]\|flag_p3=Qing flag.png\|p3=[[Qing dynasty]] (portion)\|p4=[[Johor Sultanate]]\|flag_s1=Flag of India.svg\|flag_s2=Flag of Pakistan.svg\|s2=[[Pakistan]]\|flag_s3=Myanmar flag.png\|s3=[[Myanmar]]\|flag_s4=Flag of sri lanka.png\|s4=[[Sri Lanka]] (portion)\|flag_s5=Flag of Somalia.svg\|s5=[[Somalia]] (portion)\|flag_s6=Flag of South Yemen.svg\|s6=[[Yemen (Aden)]]\|flag_s7=Flag of Bangladesh.svg.png\|s7=[[Bangladesh]]\|flag_s8=Flag of Malaysia.svg\|s8=[[Malaysia]]\|flag_s9=Flag of Singapore.svg\|s9=[[Republic of Singapore]]\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}

	The '''British Raj''' (sometimes called the '''Indian Empire''') was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> After 200 years of British occupation, the Indian literacy rate was only 12%.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2017\|title=Red Star over the Third World\|chapter=Peasant Soviets\|page=59–60\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=New Delhi\|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>		The '''British Raj''' (sometimes called the '''Indian Empire''') was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> After 200 years of British occupation, the Indian literacy rate was only 12%.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2017\|title=Red Star over the Third World\|chapter=Peasant Soviets\|page=59–60\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=New Delhi\|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>

70.115.131.7 at 20:50, 10 August 2025

2025-08-10T20:50:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:50, 10 August 2025
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	{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}		{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|date_start=1857\|event_start=Indian Rebellion of 1857\|event1=British Raj established by taking over the holdings of the British East India Company\|date_event1=2 August 1858\|event2=Movement of the capital city from Calcutta to New Delhi\|date_event2=1911\|event3=Jallianwala Bagh massacre\|date_event3=April 13 1919\|event4=Government of India Act 1935\|date_event4=1935\|event5=Seperation of [[Burma]] and [[Aden]]\|date_event5=April 1 1937\|event6=Last major famine ([[Bengal Famine]])\|date_event6=1943\|event_end= [[Partition of India]] into [[Pakistan]] and [[India]]\|date_end=1947\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}

	The '''British Raj''' (sometimes called the '''Indian Empire''') was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> After 200 years of British occupation, the Indian literacy rate was only 12%.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2017\|title=Red Star over the Third World\|chapter=Peasant Soviets\|page=59–60\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=New Delhi\|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>		The '''British Raj''' (sometimes called the '''Indian Empire''') was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> After 200 years of British occupation, the Indian literacy rate was only 12%.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2017\|title=Red Star over the Third World\|chapter=Peasant Soviets\|page=59–60\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=New Delhi\|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>

GrainEater: Add "citation needed"

2024-12-01T14:32:12Z

Add "citation needed"

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:32, 1 December 2024
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	The British Raj encompassed territories that today include India, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Pakistan, and Bangladesh. It also briefly included Sri Lanka (then called Ceylon), however this was for an extremely short time. Additionally, the British Raj served as the administrative center for several other British colonies, such as Aden (in present-day Yemen) and the Straits Settlements, which covered parts of modern-day Malaysia and Singapore. For a short period, it also oversaw British Somaliland (now part of Somalia). Smaller colonies in Iran were also included. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Subodh Kapoor\|year=2002\|title=Indian Encyclopaedia}}</ref>		The British Raj encompassed territories that today include India, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Pakistan, and Bangladesh. It also briefly included Sri Lanka (then called Ceylon), however this was for an extremely short time. Additionally, the British Raj served as the administrative center for several other British colonies, such as Aden (in present-day Yemen) and the Straits Settlements, which covered parts of modern-day Malaysia and Singapore. For a short period, it also oversaw British Somaliland (now part of Somalia). Smaller colonies in Iran were also included. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Subodh Kapoor\|year=2002\|title=Indian Encyclopaedia}}</ref>

	While most of these were separated rather early on, however Burma and Aden were separated during the late 1930s in order for the British imperialists to weaken anti colonial and international movements amongst the people of India. International and cross cultural solidarity amongst the colonial subjects was harmed by the divide and rule strategy which ensured that Indians from various cultural and religious backgrounds could not collaborate to overthrow British rule (this is best seen the original partition of Bengal as well as the later partition of India itself). The British Empire also used Caste and a racialized system to create further divisions. This eventual lead to the partition of India which divided India by Hindu and Muslim populations into two separate countries. This lead to some of the worst colonial policies and was the largest migration of human beings since the original spreading out of our species.		While most of these were separated rather early on, however Burma and Aden were separated during the late 1930s in order for the British imperialists to weaken anti colonial and international movements amongst the people of India. International and cross cultural solidarity amongst the colonial subjects was harmed by the divide and rule strategy which ensured that Indians from various cultural and religious backgrounds could not collaborate to overthrow British rule (this is best seen the original partition of Bengal as well as the later partition of India itself). The British Empire also used Caste and a racialized system to create further divisions. This eventual lead to the partition of India which divided India by Hindu and Muslim populations into two separate countries. This lead to some of the worst colonial policies and was the largest migration of human beings since the original spreading out of our species.{{Citation needed}}

	Another way India was controlled via geographical and population wise divisions by the imperialists was by using the Princely State system by which the bourgeoisie and royals of India could sell their citizens out in order to be an autonomous part of the British Raj which guaranteed them a higher standard of living. <ref>{{Citation\|author=John McLeod\|year=1994\|title=The English Honours System in Princely India, 1925-1947\|title-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25182886}}</ref>		Another way India was controlled via geographical and population wise divisions by the imperialists was by using the Princely State system by which the bourgeoisie and royals of India could sell their citizens out in order to be an autonomous part of the British Raj which guaranteed them a higher standard of living. <ref>{{Citation\|author=John McLeod\|year=1994\|title=The English Honours System in Princely India, 1925-1947\|title-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25182886}}</ref>

132.162.25.61 at 19:48, 22 November 2024

2024-11-22T19:48:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:48, 22 November 2024
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	{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}		{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}

	The '''British Raj''' was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> After 200 years of British occupation, the Indian literacy rate was only 12%.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2017\|title=Red Star over the Third World\|chapter=Peasant Soviets\|page=59–60\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=New Delhi\|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>		The '''British Raj''' (sometimes called the '''Indian Empire''') was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> After 200 years of British occupation, the Indian literacy rate was only 12%.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2017\|title=Red Star over the Third World\|chapter=Peasant Soviets\|page=59–60\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=New Delhi\|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>

	== History ==		== History ==

	=== Formation ===		=== Formation ===
	Following a rebellion of sepoys in 1857, the British government replaced the East India Company as the ruler of India and Queen [[Victoria Hanover]] became the Empress of India.<ref name=":0222" />		Following a rebellion of sepoys in 1857, the British government replaced the East India Company as the ruler of India and Queen [[Victoria Hanover]] became the Empress of India.<ref name=":0222" />

			=== Geography and Division ===
			The British Raj encompassed territories that today include India, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Pakistan, and Bangladesh. It also briefly included Sri Lanka (then called Ceylon), however this was for an extremely short time. Additionally, the British Raj served as the administrative center for several other British colonies, such as Aden (in present-day Yemen) and the Straits Settlements, which covered parts of modern-day Malaysia and Singapore. For a short period, it also oversaw British Somaliland (now part of Somalia). Smaller colonies in Iran were also included. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Subodh Kapoor\|year=2002\|title=Indian Encyclopaedia}}</ref>

			While most of these were separated rather early on, however Burma and Aden were separated during the late 1930s in order for the British imperialists to weaken anti colonial and international movements amongst the people of India. International and cross cultural solidarity amongst the colonial subjects was harmed by the divide and rule strategy which ensured that Indians from various cultural and religious backgrounds could not collaborate to overthrow British rule (this is best seen the original partition of Bengal as well as the later partition of India itself). The British Empire also used Caste and a racialized system to create further divisions. This eventual lead to the partition of India which divided India by Hindu and Muslim populations into two separate countries. This lead to some of the worst colonial policies and was the largest migration of human beings since the original spreading out of our species.

			Another way India was controlled via geographical and population wise divisions by the imperialists was by using the Princely State system by which the bourgeoisie and royals of India could sell their citizens out in order to be an autonomous part of the British Raj which guaranteed them a higher standard of living. <ref>{{Citation\|author=John McLeod\|year=1994\|title=The English Honours System in Princely India, 1925-1947\|title-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25182886}}</ref>

	=== Famines ===		=== Famines ===

Ledlecreeper27: Further reading

2024-02-20T22:07:34Z

Ledlecreeper27: Illiteracy

2023-06-17T18:38:09Z

Illiteracy

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:38, 17 June 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}		{{Infobox country\|name=British Raj\|native_name=برطانوی راج\|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg\|capital=New Delhi\|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]\|government_type=Colonial occupation\|flag_type=Civil ensign\|image_map=British India.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}

	The '''British Raj''' was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref>		The '''British Raj''' was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism\|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)\|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture\|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation\|author=Neil Faulkner\|year=2013\|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals\|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron\|page=151–152\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf\|publisher=Pluto Press\|isbn=9781849648639\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> After 200 years of British occupation, the Indian literacy rate was only 12%.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2017\|title=Red Star over the Third World\|chapter=Peasant Soviets\|page=59–60\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=New Delhi\|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>

	== History ==		== History ==

Ledlecreeper27: Created

2023-01-20T21:23:25Z

Created

New page

{{Infobox country|name=British Raj|native_name=برطانوی راج|image_flag=British Raj ensign.svg|capital=New Delhi|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Colonial occupation|flag_type=Civil ensign|image_map=British India.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=English<br>Urdu}}

The '''British Raj''' was the period of direct [[British]] [[Colonialism|colonial]] rule on the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded the [[British East India Company]]'s rule of India during the late [[Mughal Empire (1526–1857)|Mughal Empire]]. During this period, India spent 25% and [[tax]] revenues on the military and barely 3% on health, education, and [[Agriculture|farming]] combined. British trade destroyed native Indian industries and undeveloped India's economy, increased the amount of Indians reliant on agriculture from 50% to 75%.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation|author=Neil Faulkner|year=2013|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals|chapter=The Age of Blood and Iron|page=151–152|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf|publisher=Pluto Press|isbn=9781849648639|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref>

== History ==

=== Formation ===
Following a rebellion of sepoys in 1857, the British government replaced the East India Company as the ruler of India and Queen [[Victoria Hanover]] became the Empress of India.<ref name=":0222" />

=== Famines ===
Famines killed a million Indians in the 1860s, 3.5 million in the 1870s, and 10 million in the 1890s.<ref name=":0222" />

== Government ==
Following the end of company rule, the British strengthened their connections to native Indian rulers and relied on Brahmins to collect taxes and rents.<ref name=":0222" />

== References ==
[[Category:History of India]]
[[Category:Colonialism]]
[[Category:Genocide]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:07, 20 February 2024
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	== Government ==		== Government ==
	Following the end of company rule, the British strengthened their connections to native Indian rulers and relied on Brahmins to collect taxes and rents.<ref name=":0222" />		Following the end of company rule, the British strengthened their connections to native Indian rulers and relied on Brahmins to collect taxes and rents.<ref name=":0222" />

			== Further reading ==

			* [[Library:Inglorious Empire:What the British Did to India\|''Inglorious Empire: What the British Did to India'']]

	== References ==		== References ==