Republic of Colombia

2025-09-28T02:14:08Z

200.118.145.92: Colombia is located on the northern part of south america, also Gustavo Petro is farther left than social democracy, a self proclaimed Democratic Socialist

{{Infobox country|name=Republic of Colombia|native_name=República de Colombia|image_coat=Coat of arms of Colombia.svg|capital=[[Bogotá]]|largest_city=[[Bogotá]]|national_motto=Libertad y Orden|englishmotto=Freedom and Order|image_map=Colombia map.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=Spanish|demonym=Colombian|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary presidential republic|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=[[Gustavo Petro]]|leader_title2=Vice President|leader_name2=[[Francia Márquez]]|area_km2=1,141,748|population_estimate=52,695,952|population_estimate_year=2024|currency=Colombian peso|currency_code=COP|drives_on=right|calling_code=+57|iso3166code=CO|cctld=.co|image_flag=Flag_of_Colombia.svg}}

'''Colombia''', officially the '''Republic of Colombia''', is a country in [[Latin America]] located in the northern part of [[South America]] with a northern coastline on the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and an western coastline on the [[Pacific Ocean]]. It is bordered to the west by [[Republic of Panama|Panama]], to the east by [[Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela|Venezuela]], to the southeast by [[Federative Republic of Brazil|Brazil]] and to the south by [[Republic of Peru|Peru]] and [[Republic of Ecuador|Ecuador]].

== History ==

=== Spanish colonization ===
[[Monarchy of Spain (1516–1700)|Spanish]] explorers arrived in the region in 1499 with [[Colonialism|colonization]] beginning in the 16th century with the city of Santa Marta being founded in 1525 and the port of Cartagena in 1533. Conquest of the region was completed in the 1530s and the [[New Kingdom of Granada|New Grenada]] colony established, which was made into a [[Viceroyalty of New Granada|Viceroyalty]] in 1718. This Viceroyalty also included modern day Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama.<ref>{{Citation|author=S. A. Gonionskii|year=1979|title=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia|title-url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Colombia|chapter=Colombia|section=Colonial period}}</ref>

=== Colombian conflict ===
Between 1986 and 1994, the military and paramilitary killed over 20,000 people, mainly [[Left-wing politics|leftists]] and [[Trade union|trade unionists]]. The [[United States of America|United States]] provided Colombia with over $100 million of military aid and stationed hundreds of troops in the country.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=A Concise History of United States Global Interventions,
1945 to the Present|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=137}}</ref>

Colombia was involved in [[Bill Clinton|Bill Clinton's]] Plan Colombia (2000–2006) and [[George W. Bush|George W. Bush's]] Andean Regional Initiative (2008–2010). In 2010, it received $185 million of [[United States Armed Forces|U.S. military]] training and aid. The United States has targeted [[Peasantry|peasants]] who depend on the coca plant for their livelihood with herbicides such as glyphosate. Many peasants rely on [[Left-wing politics|leftist]] groups such as [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia|FARC]] for protection.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Council on Hemispheric Affairs|title=The U.S. War on Communism, Drugs, and Terrorism in Colombia|date=2013-04-11|url=https://www.coha.org/the-u-s-war-on-communism-drugs-and-terrorism-in-colombia/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315145002/https://www.coha.org/the-u-s-war-on-communism-drugs-and-terrorism-in-colombia/|archive-date=2021-03-15|retrieved=2022-05-05}}</ref>

=== 2018 presidential election ===
On June 17, 2018, the [[Democratic Centre (Colombia)|Democratic Centre]] party candidate [[Ivan Duque]] won the second round of the Colombian presidential election with 53.97 percent of the vote at the time of 99.76 percent of the total votes counted. The [[Humane Colombia]] candidate [[Gustavo Petro]] placed second with 41.81 percent of the vote. Duque won cities such as Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, and Medellin.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=People's Daily Online|title=Ivan Duque wins presidential election, becomes next president of Colombia|date=2018-06-18|url=http://en.people.cn/n3/2018/0618/c90000-9472211.html|retrieved=2023-09-13}}</ref>

=== 2022 presidential election ===
Gustavo Petro, a democratic socialist, won the 2022 presidential election against far-right candidate [[Rodolfo Hernández]].<ref>{{News citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Multipolarista]]|title=Colombia’s first ever left-wing president: Gustavo Petro wins historic election. What does it mean?|date=2022-06-19|url=https://multipolarista.com/2022/06/19/colombia-gustavo-petro-election/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220624234916/https://multipolarista.com/2022/06/19/colombia-gustavo-petro-election/|archive-date=2022-06-24|retrieved=2022-06-28}}</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Colombia]]
[[Category:Countries]]
[[Category:Former Spanish colonies]]
[[Category:Global south]]
<references />
[[Category:Latin American countries]]

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Republic of Colombia